What is Hallux Valgus?
Hallux valgus, described by Carl Hueter in the 1800s, is a foot deformity characterized by the deviation of the big toe outward from its plane. This condition affects not only the shape of the big toe, but also the structure of the entire foot. As the disease progresses, severe pain, inflammation and joint stiffness may occur in the feet and fingers. Untreated inflammation can lead to the condition getting worse.
Sedentary modern lifestyle and poor quality shoe selection can be the beginning of many problems in our feet. Wearing the same shoes for a long time, choosing shoes that do not breathe enough and do not fit our feet properly can cause a common foot condition such as hallux valgus.
What are the Causes of Hallux Valgus?
There may be many reasons that play a role in the development of hallux valgus. Among the most prominent reasons are the following:
Genetic Factors:
- Family history of hallux valgus
- Hereditary disorders in the foot structure (flat feet, high arch)
Shoe Selection:
- Pointed toe and narrow shoes
- High-heeled shoes
- Uncomfortable and ill-fitting shoes
Other Factors:
- Foot injuries
- Rheumatic diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, gout)
- Flat feet
- Overweight
- Nervous diseases
- Muscle and joint abnormalities
- Hip and knee alignment disorders
What are the Symptoms of Hallux Valgus?
Tinea pedis, sprain etc. Not all swelling or inflammation is defined as hallux valgus, as there may be many conditions in which hallux valgus symptoms are very pronounced, such as: It doesn’t affect the entire foot like fungus or other diseases do, so there won’t be any symptoms unless there’s a problem with the big toe. The thumb consists of three joints, and the joint that causes hallux valgus is the joint called “metatarsophalangeal joint”.
Hallux Valgus symptoms are generally as follows:
On the Big Toe:
- Bending (outward)
- Redness
- Swelling
- Pain
- Limitation of movement
- Callus and hardening
- Deformation in the joint
On foot:
- General pain and tenderness
- Difficulty and imbalance while walking
- Shoe stinging and straining
- Wear and tear on shoes
- Callus and hardening formation
- Pain in the heel
How is Hallux Valgus Diagnosed?
The methods used in the diagnosis of Hallux Valgus at MSM Clinic are as follows:
During the physical examination, our doctor checks the angle of the big toe and any deformities that may occur in other toes. The patient is observed while standing and walking, and areas where pain and tenderness are concentrated are determined.
Additionally, a medical history is taken. During this process, the patient is questioned about whether there is a family history of hallux valgus and information is collected about past foot injuries and other health problems. The patient’s shoe wearing habits are also evaluated in detail.
Among the methods used to diagnose hallux valgus at MSM Clinic, imaging methods and diagnostic criteria are also examined in detail.
Display Methods:
- X-ray: Provides detailed examination of bone and joint structure.
- CT Scan: Can be used for more detailed imaging.
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Allows examination of soft tissues and joints.
Diagnostic Criteria:
- Outward bending of the big toe (metatarsophalangeal joint angle over 10 degrees)
- Pain, swelling and redness in the thumb joint
- Shoe stinging and straining
- Callus and hardening formation
- Difficulty and imbalance while walking
How is Hallux Valgus Treated?
Hallux valgus treatment options include conservative methods and surgical intervention. In mild cases, conservative treatment methods such as the use of recommended shoes and special insoles may be effective. Painkillers or anti-inflammatory medications may also be prescribed to reduce pain.
In more advanced cases or if symptoms persist, surgical intervention may be required. Surgical options may include osteotomy (bone incision and correction), soft tissue release, or bunionectomy (bone removal at the base of the thumb).
At MSM Clinic, our specialist doctors determine the most appropriate method with treatment plans specific to our patients and accompany them at every step of the treatment process. We work to provide permanent solutions for a healthy and comfortable foot structure.