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What is Flat Feet and What Causes It?
Flat feet is a condition in which the normal curves of the sole of the foot become flat. The arch of the foot stabilizes body weight and provides shock absorption while walking and running. However, in people with flat feet, this arch is absent or only slightly pronounced, which can cause pain and discomfort when standing or walking.
Flat feet can occur for a variety of reasons, and the following factors usually contribute to this condition:
- Genetic Predisposition: This condition is more common in individuals with a family history of flat feet. Genetic factors can affect the development of the arch of the foot.
- Foot or ankle injuries can cause the arch of the foot to weaken and cause flat feet.
- Excess weight can put extra pressure on the feet, causing the arches to flatten.
- As we age, flat feet may develop as a result of the weakening of connective tissues and loss of flexibility.
- Activities such as prolonged standing, running or walking can strain the arch of the foot, increasing the risk of flat feet.
- Some neuromuscular diseases can cause the arch of the foot to weaken and form flat feet.
- Unsupportive and inappropriate shoes may increase the risk of flat feet because they do not support the arch of the foot sufficiently.
What are the symptoms of flat feet?
- Pain or discomfort in the sole of the foot or ankle
- Fatigue or pain in the feet, especially after standing for long periods of time
- Pain in the ankle or knee
- Swelling in the foot or ankle
- Redness or feeling of heat on the sole of the foot
- Feeling of instability or unevenness in the foot when walking or running
How is Flat Feet Treated?
Treatment of flat feet is generally determined depending on the severity of the symptoms, the person’s lifestyle and foot structure. Treatment methods include:
- Orthopedic Shoes and Insoles: The use of specially designed shoes or insoles that support the arch of the foot can correct the foot structure and reduce pain.
- Exercise Programs: Special exercises that strengthen foot muscles and connective tissues can encourage the development of foot arches.
- Physical Therapy: Physical therapy programs applied by physiotherapists can strengthen the arch of the foot and increase its flexibility.
- Topical Treatments: Topical medications or ointments used to relieve pain and reduce inflammation.
- Surgical Intervention: Although it is rarely an option, surgical intervention may be considered to recreate the foot arch in cases of severe flat feet.
The treatment plan is usually determined by individual needs and the severity of symptoms. It is important to consult with an expert orthopedist and physiotherapist about recommended treatment methods.
